One of the first studies of thermal springs in India was started in 1821, which was of a reconnaissance nature. More detailed work was performed by Schlagintweit in 1864 and by R. D. Oldham in 1882. Over the years various geologists have reviewed these lists of hot springs and added some temperatures and chemical analyses. In 1965, V. S. Krishnaswamy analyzed 23 thermal springs of the northwest Himalayas and grouped them on a geotectonical basis. In his report he suggested priorities for the exploration of the geothermal fields for power generation and chemical industries. By 1968 a total of 253 thermal springs had been reviewed and described by the Geological Survey of India (GSI)