CONTENTS PURPOSE OF AND NEED FOR ACTION 1 Background 1 Issues and Concerns 3 Scope of Analysis 3 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT EXISTING CONDITIONS 7 Park Location and Access 7 Visitor Use 7 Visitor Services and Facilities 9 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 15 Geology 15 Topography/Soils 15 Climate/Air Quality 16 Vegetation 16 Wildlife/Fisheries 17 Water Resources 18 CULTURAL RESOURCES 19 SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 20 ALTERNATIVES INTRODUCTION 23 ACTIONS COMMON TO ALL ALTERNATIVES 24 Annie Spring/Mazama Campground 24 Munson Valley 24 Rim Village 25 Roads and Parking/Landscaping 25 Picnic Area 26 Wastewater Treatment 26 Concessioner Day Use Facilities 26 Interpretive Center 26 Architectural Concept 26 Construction Phasing 28 ALTERNATIVE I 33 Lodging 33 Interpretation/Day Use Facilities 33 Access Roads/Parking/Utilities 34 iii ALTERNATIVE II 37 Lodging 37 Interpretation/Day Use Facilities 37 Access Roads/Parking/Utilities 38 ALTERNATIVE III 43 Lodging 43 Interpretation/Day Use Facilities 43 Access Roads/Parking/Utilities 43 ALTERNATIVE IV 44 Lodging 44 Interpretation/Day Use Facilities 44 Access Roads/Parking/Utilities 44 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES INTRODUCTION 53 EFFECTS ON NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 54 Effects Common to All Alternatives 54 Annie Spring/Mazama Campground 54 Munson Valley 55 Rim Village 55 Alternative I 57 Alternatives II and III 58 Alternative IV 58 EFFECTS ON CULTURAL RESOURCES 60 Effects Common to all Alternatives 60 Alternative I 60 Alternative II 61 Alternative III 61 Alternative IV 61 EFFECTS ON SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 62 Effects Common to All Alternatives 62 Alternative I 62 Alternative II 64 Alternative III 64 Alternative IV 65 Effects on Regional Economy 66 EFFECTS ON PARK MANAGEMENT 68 CONSULTATION AND COORDINATION IN THE PREPARATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 71 iv APPENDIXES 71 APPENDIX A: SYNOPSIS OF REPORT TO HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND CONSULTANT'S REPORT ON CRATER LAKE LODGE 73 APPENDIX B: SUMMARY OF PROJECTED DEVELOPMENT COSTS 76 PREPARERS AND CONSULTANTS 80 COMMENT FORM 81 ILLUSTRATIONS Region 8 Vicinity 10 Existing Conditions 13 Model Photos 30 Alternative I 35 Sketch of rehabilitated Great Hall with balcony 38 Alternatives II & III 39 Sketch of rehabilitated Great Hall 41 Interior sketches of new lodge 42 Alternative IV 45 Exterior sketches of new lodge 47 TABLES Table 1. Summary Comparison of Alternatives 48 v