Contents 1. Introduction 1-1 1.1 Current Snowmobile Regulations 1-2 1.2 Proposed Regulations 1-2 2. Baseline Description of Snowmobile Riding in Crater Lake National Park 2-1 2.1 Snowmobile Trails 2-1 2.2 Snowmobile Trail Access, Maintenance, and Enforcement 2-3 2.3 Visitation Data 2-4 2.3.1 CRLA Total Visitation Data 2-4 2.3.2 Snowmobile Visitation Data 2-5 2.4 Alternate Locations for Snowmobiling Nearby 2-6 2.5 Other Major Winter Activities in CRLA 2-7 2.6 Natural Resources and Likely Ecological Impacts of Snowmobile Use in Park 2-8 2.7 Economic Activity around Crater lake 2-11 3. Economic Impact Analysis of Restricting Snowmobile Use in Crater Lake National Park 3-1 3.1 Approach to Estimating The Economic Impact 3-3 3.1.1 Description of Economic Impact Analysis 3-3 3.1.2 IMPLAN 3-4 3.2 Scenarios Examined in this Report 3-5 3.3 Economic Impact of Snowmobile Regulations on Local Economies 3-8 in 3.3.1 Effect of Regulation on Visitation to CRLA Area 3-8 3.3.2 Impact of Regulation on Local Business Output 3-8 3.3.3 Change in Value Added 3-13 3.3.4 Effect on Labor Income 3-13 3.3.5 Change in Employment 3-14 3.3.6 Change in Sales Tax Revenue 3-14 3.3.7 Summary 3-15 4. Benefit-Cost Analysis of the New Regulation 4-1 4.1 Conceptual Basis for Benefit-cost Analysis of Snowmobiling Restrictions in National Parks 4-1 4.1.1 Social Benefits of Snowmobiling Restrictions 4-3 4.1.2 Social Costs of Snowmobiling Restrictions 4-7 4.2 Results for CRLA 4-7 4.2.1 Affected Groups 4-8 4.2.2 Scenarios 4-9 4.2.3 Benefits 4-10 4.2.4 Costs 4-14 5. Small Entity Impact Analysis 5-1 5.1 Identifying Small Entities 5-1 5.2 Screening-Level Analysis 5-2 5.2.1 Affordability Analysis 5-2 5.2.2 Disproportionality Analysis 5-3 5.2.3 Competitiveness Analysis 5-3 5.3 Business Closure Analysis 5-3 5.3.1 IRFA 5-4 5.4 Alternatives 5-5 References R-1 Appendixes A: Economic Impact Analysis A-1 B: Social Benefits and Costs of Snowmobiling Restrictions B-1 iv